Maestría en Ingeniería de Procesos
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11191/6746
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- Spatio-temporal simulation of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics during Shigella invasion(Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (México). Unidad Azcapotzalco. Coordinación de Servicios de Información., 2019-06) Ornelas Guevara, RobertoShigellosis is an important problem of public health worldwide. It is mainly caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with Shigella. After its ingestion, this bacterium invades the colon and causes an intense inflammatory reaction, leading to destruction of the epithelial tissue. During invasion of the epithelial cells, Shigella induces atypical Ca2+ signals; however, it is not clear how these signals are generated or how to control them (Tran Van Nhieu et al., 2013). It is well known that cells use Ca2+ as a second messenger to control a wide array of cellular functions, including reorganisation of the cytoskeleton, inflammatory responses and cellular death (Sun et al., 2017). In this line, it has been reported that the perturbation of cellular Ca2+ homeostasis caused by Shigella facilitates the entrance of the bacterium and its dispersion to adjacent cells, leading to apoptosis and destruction of the intestinal epithelium. In particular, the bacterium induces local responses, localised in the invasion area (Tran Van Nhieu et al., 2013), as well as global responses, that spread in the whole invaded cell. The local versus global character of the responses plays a crucial role in the cytotoxicity of the bacteria, since a high and sustained Ca2+ elevation can lead to cellular death and could limit the dissemination of the bacteria. Preliminary work regarding the atypical calcium responses caused by Shigella was carried out by Tran Van Nhieu et al. (2013) and Sun, et al (2017), using experimental methods and mathematical modelling. Nevertheless, the models that have been proposed do not take into account the Ca2+ coming from the extracellular space, which has been demonstrated to have a crucial contribution to the Ca2+ responses. In this work we present a reactive-diffusive mathematical model that takes into account extracellular Ca2+ entry through ion channels located in the cell membrane (ROCC, SOCC), Ca2+ exchanges with the endoplasmic reticulum, as well as Ca2+ and IP3 diffusion through the cytosol. The proposed model is capable to reproduce the calcium oscillations in the cytosol and in the endoplasmic reticulum observed in healthy cells, as well as the atypical calcium responses caused by Shigella. The model also allow us to analyse the global or local character of the cytosolic calcium responses during bacterial invasion. Simulations using the proposed model showed that the rate of IP3 synthesis is a bifurcation parameter that changes the stability of the system and that the entrance to the oscillatory regime has a dependence on the operation of ROCC and SOCC. Furthermore, spatio-temporal simulations showed that plasma membrane channels are clearly related to the global/local character of the calcium responses, which suggest that extracellular calcium entry through plasma membrane channels, particularly SOCC, could be a point of control of the bacterial invasion. Cytosolic calcium responses during bacterial invasion. Simulations using the proposed model showed that the rate of IP3 synthesis is a bifurcation parameter that changes the stability of the system and that the entrance to the oscillatory regime has a dependence on the operation of ROCC and SOCC. Furthermore, spatio-temporal simulations showed that plasma membrane channels are clearly related to the global/local character of the calcium responses, which suggest that extracellular calcium entry through plasma membrane channels, particularly SOCC, could be a point of control of the bacterial invasion.