Aislamiento e identificación de bacterias cultivables de la zona de raíz de granada roja (Punica granatum) en un huerto del Tephé Ixmiquilpan, Hidalgo, México

Abstract

La microbiota bacteriana asociada a la zona de raí z sintetiza a cidos orga nicos, fitohormonas, pe ptidos, pigmentos y metabolitos bioactivos. Se determino la Capacidad de Intercambio Catio nico (CIC) del suelo, textura y pH. Los aislamientos bacterianos se identificaron mediante pruebas morfolo gicas y el metabolismo a trave s del sistema API20NE para el ge nero Pseudomonas. El ana lisis molecular de PCR utilizando iniciadores universales para la secuenciacio n del gen 16s ARNr. La secuencia consenso resultante de cada una de los aislados se comparo con el programa nBLAST del Centro Nacional NCBI. El suelo resulto ser Franco-arenoso con un pH de ligeramente a moderadamente alcalino y una CICT de bajo a medio. Se identificaron las especies Bacillus subtilis, Erwinia bilingea en la zona de raí z y Pseudomonas soli, P. oryzihabitans, P. putida y P. chlororaphis como endofí ticas. P. soli ha sido descrita recientemente (2014), con nuevo registro. P. oryzihabitans, es nativa de la rizosfera.

The bacterial microbiota associated with the root zone synthesizes organic acids, phytohormones, peptides, pigments and bioactive metabolites. The Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) of the soil, texture and pH were determined. Bacterial isolates were identified by morphological tests and metabolism through the API20NE system for the genus Pseudomonas. Molecular PCR analysis using universal primers for 16s rRNA gene sequencing. The consensus sequence resulting from each of the isolates was compared with the NCBI National Center's nBLAST program. The soil was found to be sandy loam with a pH of slightly to moderately alkaline and a CICT of low to medium. The species Bacillus subtilis, Erwinia bilingea in the root zone and Pseudomonas soli, P. oryzihabitans, P. putida and P. chlororaphis were identified as endophytic. P. soli has been described recently (2014), with a new record. P. oryzihabitans, is native to the rhizosphere.