El fomento del desarrollo moral en instituciones de educación superior desde la ética de gestión

Abstract

El objetivo de este trabajo es comprender el fenómeno de la ética de gestión ante los dilemas morales que enfrenta el directivo de instituciones de educación superior en el contexto de la sociedad contemporánea que impacta a las organizaciones educativas dirigiéndolas con la lógica neoliberal, modificando los valores académicos y el ejercicio del poder y delineando el surgimiento de una serie de problemáticas de las que destacan principalmente situaciones de simulación y corrupción donde el directivo ve interpelada su acción y necesita decidir; de las acciones que tome promoverá una cultura de valores al interior de su institución o caerá en prácticas decreméntales que impacten en forma negativa no sólo en la calidad de la educación sino también en la gobernabilidad, en la formación y en el compromiso de la ciudadanía. De ahí que el directivo sea actor crucial ya que, desde su formación, valores y el desarrollo de su eticidad tendrá los recursos necesarios para enfrentar los dilemas morales. A partir del estudio de otras aportaciones se genera un instrumento que indaga los dilemas morales en el contexto de la gestión de las instituciones de educación superior. Los datos obtenidos de las entrevistas a profundidad se analizan con una metodología cualitativa apoyada en la herramienta del Atlas. ti. En la parte final de trabajo se destacan algunos de los resultados más significativos que permitirán fundamentar nuestras conclusiones y generar mapas conceptuales interpretativos de la realidad estudiada.

The purpose of this paper is to understand the ethics management phenomena when it is confronted to the moral dilemmas that higher institution leaders and directives face in the context of contemporary society. Currently, educational organizations are predominantly leaded towards the logics of neo-liberalism, a condition that has challenged thus modified academic values and power practices. According to this, it can be observed an emergence of problematic issues such as certain situations of simulation and/or corruption where academic leaders and directives see their action contested and therefore new ways of prompt and adequate answers are more than needed. Due to the kind of decisions the academic leaders and directives progressively promote, would in the end give nature to a culture of values within his or her institution or, in the other sense, could fall into a decreasing practice that eventually will impact not only in the quality of education, but also in other key aspects for development such as governability, democracy and formation of social commitment for citizenship. Taking into account these arguments, academic leaders and directors’ values, as well as their formation in ethics, become crucial in facing moral dilemmas, providing the basis for acquisition of a wide range of the necessary resources in answering complicate problems. Through the study of various approaches in this subject, it is propose and devised a methodological instrument that has been tested against open moral dilemmas in the context of management of several Mexican higher education institutions. In support of this, detailed and taking into depth data that have been obtained from interviews on key informants are analyzed through a qualitative methodology that relies on the Atlas it tool. At the end of this process some of the most meaningful results are outlined to refer and to provide confirmation to the initial hypothesis, and to generate conceptual maps that help to a better understanding through an interpretation of the reality that has been under research here.